Chemical Engineering — 7th Semester Syllabus

Unit 1

Introduction To Bioprocesses • Historical Development Of Bioprocess Technology • An Overview Of Traditional And Modern Applications Of Biotechnology Industry • Outline Of An Integrated Bioprocess And The Various (upstream And Downstream) Unit Operations Involved In Bioprocess • Generalized Process Flow Sheets

Unit 2

Fermentation Process-I: General Requirements Of Fermentation Processes • Basic Design And Construction Of Fermenter And Ancillaries • Main Parameters To Be Monitored And Controlled In Fermentation Process • Fermentation Process-II: An Overview Of Aerobic And Anaerobic Fermentation Processes And Their Application In The Biotechnology Industry • Solid-substrate • Slurry Fermentation And Its Applications • Whole Cell Immobilization • Behaviour Of Microbes In Different Reactors (Air Lift, Fluidized, Batch, Continuous Fed Batch Condition)

Unit 3

Media Design: Medium Requirements For Fermentation Process • Carbon • Nitrogen • Minerals • Vitamins And Other Complex Nutrients • Oxygen Requirements • Medium Formulation For Optimal Growth And Product Formation • Examples Of Simple And Complex Media • Design And Usage Of Various Commercial Media For Industrial Fermentations • Sterilization: Thermal Death Kinetics Of Microorganisms • Batch And Continuous Heat • Sterilization Of Liquid Media • Filter Sterilization Of Liquid Media • Air • Design Of Sterilization Equipment

Unit 4

Kinetics Of Microbial Growth And Product Formation: Phases Of Cell Growth In Batch Cultures • Simple Unstructured Kinetic Models For Microbial Growth • Monod Model • Growth Of Filamentous Organisms • Growth Associated (Primary) And Nongrowth Associated (Secondary) Product Formation Kinetics • Leudeking-Piret Models • Substrate And Product Inhibition On Cell Growth And Product Formation • Introduction To Structured Models For Growth And Product Formation

Unit 5

Metabolic Stoichiometry: Stoichiometry Of Cell Growth And Product Formation • Elemental Balances • Degrees Of Reduction Of Substrate And Biomass • Available Electron Balances • Yield Coefficients Of Biomass And Product Formation • Maintenance Coefficients

Unit 6

Energetics: Energetic Analysis Of Microbial Growth And Product Formation • Oxygen Consumption And Heat Evolution In Aerobic Cultures Thermodynamic Efficiency Of Growth

Unit 1: Fundamentals of Disaster Management

Definitions And Concepts Of Hazard • Vulnerability • Risk • Resilience • Concept Of Disaster Management Cycle • Introduction To Various Hazards Both Natural And Man-Made Hazards- Earthquakes • Cyclones • Droughts • Floods • Volcanoes • Coastal Hazards • Landslides • Forest Fires • Industrial Accidents • Biological Disasters • Etc. • Climate Change • Global Warming

Unit 2: Disaster Management in India

Hazard And Vulnerability Profile Of India • Disaster Management Act 2005 • National Disaster Mitigation And Management Guideline On -National Policy On Disaster Management 2009 • NDMA Guidelines On Cyclones Specifically • Besides Earthquakes • Floods • Urban Floods • Information Systems • Communication Systems Etc. • Introduction To State Disaster Management Authorities

Unit 3: Hazard Analysis

Estimation Of Potential Causes • Characteristics And Impact Of Hazards • Geological/Processes Leading To Natural Hazards • Multi-Hazard Assessment • Short Term And Long Term Prediction • Early Warning System For Different Hazards • Risk Analysis For Individuals • Communities Etc. • Role Of Remote Sensing & GIS In Disaster Management And Its Applications • Case Studies • Sudden Explosion Of Cylinder • Bulk Chemical Storage Fire

Unit 4: Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Assessing Vulnerabilities • Risk Assessment • Preparation Of Exposure And Risk Database • Prevention And Mitigation Strategies For DRR • Framework Of Disaster Risk Reduction • Capacity Building Measures • Community Participation • Contemporary Studies And Work Towards Disaster Risk Reduction • Disaster Risk Reduction Plan

Unit 5: Response & Recovery Operation I

Role Of NDRF • Training Of Personnel • Equipment Necessary • Public Awareness Creation • Mass Casualty Management • Agencies Involved In Mass Casualty Management • Qualification And Duties Of Professionals • Response Policy

Unit 6: Response & Recovery Operation II

Case Studies: Case Study: Recover & Rehabilitation After Bhopal Gas Tragedy • The Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004 • The 2013 IOCL Hazira Fire Accident

Unit 1: Introduction to Membrane Technology

History And Evolution Of Membrane Technology • Classification Of Membranes • Basic Principles Of Membrane Separation • Transport Mechanisms: Diffusion • Osmosis • Filtration • Dead End And Crossflow Membrane Process

Unit 2: Membrane Materials and Fabrication

Types Of Membrane Materials (Polymeric, Ceramic, Metallic, Composite) • Fabrication Techniques (Phase Inversion, Electrospinning, Sintering) • Membrane Structure: Symmetric Vs. Asymmetric • Characterization Methods (SEM, AFM, Porometry, Spectroscopy)

Unit 3: Membrane Processes and Membrane Modules

Overview Of Membrane Separation Processes: A) Microfiltration (MF) • B) Ultrafiltration (UF) • C) Nanofiltration (NF) • D) Reverse Osmosis (RO) • E) Forward Osmosis (FO) • F) Gas Separation • G) Pervaporation • H) Electrodialysis • Membrane Modules: A) Plate-and-frame • B) Spiral-wound • C) Hollow Fiber • D) Tabular

Unit 4: Applications of Membrane Technology

Membrane Bioreactor For Wastewater Treatment • Desalination By Membrane Technology • Separation Of Azeotropic Mixture Using Pervaporation Membrane Process • Food And Beverage Industry (e.g., Dairy, Juice Concentration) • Pharmaceutical And Biotechnology Applications • Energy Sectors (e.g., Hydrogen Production, Carbon Capture) • Emerging Areas: Membranes In Batteries And Fuel Cells

Unit 5: Challenges, Innovations and Future Trends I

Membrane Fouling And Cleaning Strategies • Economic Considerations (Cost Analysis, Lifecycle Assessment)

Unit 6: Challenges, Innovations and Future Trends II

Advances In Membrane Materials (Graphene, MOFs, Aquaporin-based Membranes) • Sustainability And Environmental Impacts • Future Directions: Smart Membranes • Bioinspired Membranes

Unit 1: Introduction to Renewable Energy

Global And National Energy Scenarios • Types Of Renewable Energy Sources • Need For Renewable Energy: Environmental And Economic Perspectives • Energy Units And Conversions • Energy Balance And Efficiency Calculations • Conventional • Non-conventional • Renewable • Non-renewable Sources Of Energy: Prospects • Perspectives • & Advantages • Types Of Energy Storage: Thermal • Electrochemical (Batteries) • Mechanical (Flywheels) • Chemical (Hydrogen)

Unit 2: Solar Energy

Solar Thermal Systems: Solar Collectors (Flat Plate, Evacuated Tube, Concentrating) • Heat Transfer Fluids And Materials • Solar Water Heating Systems • Photovoltaic (PV) Systems: Working Principle And Components • Efficiency And Performance Analysis • PV Cell Materials (Silicon-based, Thin-film, Emerging Technologies) • Performance Analysis Of Liquid Flat Plate Collectors And Solar Air Heaters • Chemical Applications: Solar-assisted Chemical Reactors • Solar Hydrogen Production (Photocatalysis, Thermolysis)

Unit 3: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

Hydrogen As An Energy Carrier • Production Methods: Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) • Electrolysis (Alkaline, PEM) • Thermochemical Water Splitting • Hydrogen Storage And Transport • Fuel Cell Types: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) • Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) • Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)

Unit 4: Wind Energy

Wind Energy: Wind Turbine Types • Aerodynamics • Wind Farm Siting And Design • Power Generation And Control Systems

Unit 5: Hydropower Energy

Hydropower: Principles Of Hydropower • Small-scale Hydro Systems • Environmental Impacts And Mitigation

Unit 6: Geothermal and Ocean Energy

Geothermal Resources And Extraction Technologies • Binary Cycle And Flash Steam Plants • Ocean Energy: Tidal And Wave Energy Conversion • Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)