Civil Engineering • 4th SemesterCore / Standard CurriculumChange Track

Civil Engineering — 4th Semester Syllabus

Civil Engineering

Credits Allocation Table (L-T-P Structure)

Course Title	Code	L	T	P	Credits
Transportation Engineering	101401	3	0	0	3
Building Planning and Computer-Aided Civil Engineering Drawing	101402	3	0	0	3
Geotechnical Engineering-I	101403	3	0	0	3
Hydraulic Engineering	101404	2	0	0	2
Structural Analysis	101405	3	1	0	4
Engineering Geology	101406	3	0	0	3
Civil Engineering - Societal & Global Impact	101407	3	0	0	0
Transportation Engineering Lab	101401P	0	0	2	1
Building Planning and Computer-Aided Civil Engineering Drawing Lab	101402P	0	0	2	1
Geotechnical Engineering-I Lab	101403P	0	0	2	1
Hydraulic Engineering Lab	101404P	0	0	2	1
Engineering Geology Lab	101406P	0	0	2	1
NPTEL-I (Open Course)	101408	-	-	-	3
TOTAL	-	-	-	-	26

Transportation Engineering

101401

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0: Highway development and planning

Classification of roads
Road development in India
Current road projects in India
Highway alignment and project preparation

Unit 2.0: Geometric design of highways

Introduction
Highway cross section elements
Sight distance
Design of horizontal alignment
Design of vertical alignment
Design of intersections
Problems

Unit 3.0: Traffic engineering & control

Traffic Characteristics
Traffic engineering studies
Traffic flow and capacity

Unit 4.0: Traffic regulation and control

Traffic regulation and control
Design of road intersections
Design of parking facilities
Highway lighting
Problems

Unit 5.0: Pavement materials

Materials used in Highway Construction
Soils
Stone aggregates
Bituminous binders
Bituminous paving mixes
Portland cement and cement concrete: desirable properties
Tests
Requirements for different types of pavements
Problems

Unit 6.0: Design of pavements

Introduction
Flexible pavements
Factors affecting design and performance
Stresses in flexible pavements
Design of flexible pavements as per IRC
Rigid pavements- components and functions
Factors affecting design and performance of CC pavements
Stresses in rigid pavements
Design of concrete pavements as per IRC
Problems

Building Planning and Computer Aided Civil Engineering Drawings

101402

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0: Principles of Residential and Public Buildings

Concept of built environment and its application in planning
Recommendation of National building code
Green building
Introduction-Benefits
National priorities
Rating system
Check list
Site selection and planning
Water efficiency
Energy efficiency
Materials
Indoor environmental quality
Innovation and design process

Unit 2.0: Principle of Planning for differently abled publics

Standardization and Contextualization of accessibility in built environment
Overview of accessibility codes (National and International Perspectives)
Design for Inclusion A holistic Approach (User centric approach to design, WINIT Model)
Accessibility Elements of Built Environment in urban and rural Contexts (Kerb Ramps, Bollards, Level and gratings, Ramps, Gradients and other relevant elements)
Principle of site planning and approaches for accessibility
Accessibility in public Sanitation System (Washroom typologies and Accessibility perspectives emergency evacuation systems and codes)

Unit 3.0: Planning of Building

Preparation of constructional details and drawings-plan
Elevation
Section
Site plan
Foundation plan
Terrace plan
Waterproofing treatment
Typical door and window
Planning of building such as Residential building -Load bearing structure
RCC framed structure
Building for Education - school
College
Library Building for health Dispensary
Hospital Industrial structure Building for entertainment-Theatre
Club house
Sports club
Other structure-Office
Hostel
Guest house
Building's Water Supply and Drainage & Solid Waste Collection and Disposal System: Design of water supply
Waste water and storm water collection system for various types of buildings
Pumps and Pump House
Wet and dry solid waste segregation
Vermi-composting etc.
Provision of Chutes
Accessibility in public Sanitation Systems

Unit 4.0: Electrical Services

Domestic Supply
Distribution Circuits
Basic wiring systems
Design and planning: Lighting of staircase
Corridors
Automatic Water Level controller
Closed Circuit Security Monitors with Intercom/ EPBX facility
Common Dish TV antenna
Use of Solar Panels as source of power
Lightening Conductor for High-rise Buildings
Fire Protection System: Introduction
Fire protection
Requirement of water quantity estimation
Systems of firefighting external and internal
Wet and dry risers
Smoke alarm
Sprinkler system
Safety corridors in Highrise structures

Unit 5.0: Elevators

Introduction
Types of elevators
Essential features of lifts its size and requirement of minimum numbers
Norms for safety doors
Operation and maintenance
Safety norms
Control systems
Electrical requirement
And generator back-up
Escalators in Industry and in malls-multiplex
Design of Accessible Circulation System for differently abled publics

Unit 6.0: Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning

Ventilation
Functional requirement
Heat balance system of ventilation
General rules and regulations in artificial ventilation system
Central air conditioning: - ducting and glass claddings
Operation and maintenance
Building Management System: Security Guard's Cabin
Postage collection boxes
Parking space

Geotechnical Engineering -I

101403

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0: Introduction

Types of soils
Their formation and deposition
Definitions: soil mechanics
Soil engineering
Rock mechanics
Geotechnical engineering
Scope of soil engineering
Comparison and difference between soil and rock
Basic Definitions and Relationships-Soil as three-phase system in terms of weight
Volume
Voids ratio
And porosity
Definitions: moisture content
Degree of saturation
Voids ratio
Porosity
Specific gravity
Mass specific gravity
Etc.
Relationship between volume weight
Voids ratio- moisture content
Saturation- moisture content
Moisture content- specific gravity etc.
Determination of various parameters such as: Moisture content by oven dry method
Pycnometer
Sand bath method
Torsional balance method
Nuclear method
Alcohol method and sensors
Specific gravity by density bottle method
Pycnometer method
Measuring flask method
Submerged weight method
Core-cutter method
Sand-replacement method
On completion of this Unit-, the students must be able to: Understand the different types of soil based on their formation mechanism
Understand the various phase diagrams and derive various phase relationships of the soil
Perform various laboratory experiments to determine moisture content
Specific gravity
Perform field experiments to estimate the field density of the soil mass

Unit 2.0: Plasticity Characteristics of Soil

Introduction to definitions of: plasticity of soil
Consistency limits-liquid limit
Plastic limit
Shrinkage limit
Plasticity
Liquidity and consistency indices
Flow & toughness indices
Definitions of activity and sensitivity
Determination of: liquid limit
Plastic limit and shrinkage limit
Use of consistency limits
Classification of Soils- Introduction of soil classification: particle size classification
Textural classification
Unified soil classification system
Indian standard soil classification system
Identification: field identification of soils
General characteristics of soil in different groups
On completion of this Unit-, the students must be able to: Understand the behaviour of soils based on their moisture contents
Perform laboratory experiments to estimate various Atterberg limits and evaluate index properties of soils
Classify any soils based on their particle size distribution and index properties

Unit 3.0: Permeability of Soil

Darcy's law
Validity of Darcy's law
Determination of coefficient of permeability: Laboratory method: constant-head method
Falling-head method
Field method: pumping- in test
Pumping out test
Permeability aspects: permeability of stratified soils
Factors affecting permeability of soil
Seepage Analysis- Introduction
Stream and potential functions
Characteristics of flow nets
Graphical method to plot flow nets
On completion of this Unit-, the student must be able to: Determine the permeability of soils through various laboratory and field tests
Analytically calculate the effective permeability of anisotropic soil mass
Determine the seepage quantities and pore water pressures below the ground
Graphically plot the equipotential lines and flow lines in a seepage flow

Unit 4.0: Effective Stress Principle

Introduction
Effective stress principle
Nature of effective stress
Effect of water table
Fluctuations of effective stress
Effective stress in soils saturated by capillary action
Seepage pressure
Quick sand condition
On completion of this Unit-, the student must be able to: Understand the physical significance of effective stress and its relation with pore pressure
Plot various stress distribution diagrams along the depth of the soil mass
Understand the effect of capillary action and seepage flow direction on the effective stress at a point in the soil mass

Unit 5.0: Compaction of Soil

Introduction
Theory of compaction
Laboratory determination of optimum moisture content and maximum dry density
Compaction in field
Compaction specifications and field control
On completion of this Unit-, the student must be able to: Perform laboratory test to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of the soil
Variation in compaction curve with compaction effort and soil type
Determine the compactive effort required to obtain necessary degree of compaction in-situ
Differentiate among various field methods of compaction and their usage based on the type of soil

Unit 6.0: Stresses in soils

Introduction
Stresses due to point load
Line load
Strip load
Uniformly loaded circular area
Rectangular loaded area
Influence factors
Isobars
Boussinesq's equation
Newmark's Influence Chart
Contact pressure under rigid and flexible area
Computation of displacements from elastic theory
On completion of this Unit-, the student must be able to: Analytically compute the vertical stress in a semi-infinite soil mass due to various loading conditions
Plot isobars due various loading conditions

Hydraulic Engineering

101404

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0: Boundary Layer Analysis

Assumption and concept of boundary layer theory
Boundary-layer thickness
Displacement
Momentum & energy thickness
Laminar and Turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate
Laminar sub-layer
Smooth and rough boundaries
Local and average friction coefficients
Separation and Control

Unit 2.0: Introduction to Open Channel Flow

Comparison between open channel flow and pipe flow
Geometrical parameters of a channel
Classification of open channels
Classification of open channel flow
Velocity Distribution of channel section

Unit 3.0: Uniform Flow

Continuity Equation
Energy Equation and Momentum Equation
Characteristics of uniform flow
Chezy's formula
Manning's formula
Factors affecting Manning's Roughness Coefficient "n"
Most economical section of channel
Computation of Uniform flow
Normal depth

Unit 4.0: Non-Uniform Flow

Specific energy
Specific energy curve
Critical flow
Discharge curve
Specific force
Specific depth
And Critical depth
Channel Transitions
Measurement of Discharge and Velocity Venturi Flume
Standing Wave Flume
Parshall Flume
Broad Crested Weir
Measurement of Velocity- Current meter
Floats
Hot-wire anemometer
Gradually Varied Flow-Dynamic Equation of Gradually Varied Flow
Classification of channel bottom slopes
Classification of surface profile
Characteristics of surface profile
Computation of water surface profile by graphical
Numerical and analytical approaches
Direct Step method
Graphical Integration method and Direct integration method

Unit 5.0: Hydraulic Jump

Theory of hydraulic jump
Elements and characteristics of hydraulic jump in a rectangular Channel
Length and height of jump
Location of jump
Types
Applications and location of hydraulic jump
Energy dissipation and other uses
Surge as a moving hydraulic jump
Positive and negative surges

Unit 6.0: Computational Fluid Dynamics

Basic equations of fluid dynamics
Grid generation
Introduction to in viscid incompressible flow
Boundary layer flow as applicable to C.F.D.
Hydro informatics: Concept of hydro informatics -scope of internet and web based modeling in water resources engineering

Structural Analysis

101405

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0

Analysis of indeterminate structures by force methods
Flexibility coefficients
Influence line and Rolling loads
Beam
Frames and arches

Unit 2.0

Energy Methods: Principle of minimum potential energy
Principle of virtual work
Castigliano's theorems
Reciprocal theorem

Unit 3.0

Muller Breslau Principles and its applications to determinate and indeterminate structures

Unit 4.0

Analysis of Beams and Frames: Moment Area method
Slope deflection method
Three Moment Equation

Unit 5.0

Moments distribution methods
Effect of symmetry and ant symmetry
Sway correction

Unit 6.0

Lateral load analysis: Portal and Cantilever methods
Matrix method of structural analysis
Displacement/Stiffness methods

Engineering Geology

101406

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0: Introduction

Branches of geology useful to civil engineering
Scope of geological studies in various civil engineering projects
Brief study of case histories of failure of some Civil Engineering constructions due to geological draw backs
Mineralogy-Fundamental of Physical and Optical Mineralogy
Minerals alteration
SEM
XRD.
Methods of identification of identification of common minerals

Unit 2.0: Petrology

Rock cycle and rock forming processes
Igneous petrology- Types of magma and their characteristics
Forms
Textures
Structures and classification of igneous rocks
Sedimentary petrology- Mode of formation
Texture
Structures and Classification of sedimentary rocks and their characteristics
Metamorphic petrology- Agents and types of metamorphism
Metamorphic grades
Texture
Structures and classification of metamorphic rocks
Detailed study of Granite
Rhyolite
Pegmatite
Gabbro
Dolerite
Basalt
Conglomerate
Breccia
Sandstone
Mudstone
Shale
Limestone
Gneiss
Schist and Slate with engineering consideration

Unit 3.0: Geomorphology and Hydrology

Weathering
Erosion and Denudation
Factors affecting weathering and erosion
Products of weathering
Geomorphic agents viz river
Wind
Glacier and ocean and their action
Ground water: Hydrological cycle
Factors controlling water bearing capacity of rock
Types of aquifers and its characteristics
Darcy's law
Geological investigation of Ground water

Unit 4.0: Structural Geology

Stress and Strain in rocks
Concept of Rock Deformation & Tectonics
Dip and Strike
Outcrop and width of outcrop
Inliers and Outliers
Fold- classification
Causes and criteria for their recognition in field
Faults: classification
Major causes and criteria for their recognition in field
Joints & Unconformity; Types
Stresses responsible
Geotechnical importance
Core logging
Rock core Characterization and Rock Quality Designation

Unit 5.0: Geological Hazards

Mass movement Types and causes
Prevention and mitigation techniques
Earthquake: Magnitude and intensity of earthquake
Seismic waves
Revelation from Seismic Records of structure of earth
Seismic Zone in India
Tsunami: Causes and occurrence
Volcanic Phenomenon and volcanic products
Types of volcanic eruption
Effects of hazards on construction and desirable design solutions
Concept of Hot spring and Geysers

Unit 6.0: Geology of dam, reservoir and tunnel

Required geological consideration for selecting dam
Reservoir and tunnel site
Failure of Reservoir
Favorable & unfavorable conditions in different types of rocks in presence of various structural features
Precautions to be taken to counteract unsuitable conditions
Significance of discontinuities on the dam and tunnel site and treatment giving to such structures
Tunneling over break and lining in tunnels
Case studies: related to dams
Reservoirs and tunnels

Civil Engineering - Societal & Global Impact

101407

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit 1.0

Introduction to Course and Overview
Understanding the past to look into the future: Pre-industrial revolution days
Agricultural revolution
First and second industrial revolutions
IT revolution
Recent major Civil Engineering breakthroughs and innovations
Present day world and future projections
Ecosystems in Society and in Nature
The steady erosion in Sustainability
Global warming
Its impact and possible causes
Evaluating future requirements for various resources
GIS and applications for monitoring systems
Human Development Index and Ecological Footprint of India Vs other countries and analysis

Unit 2.0

Understanding the importance of Civil Engineering in shaping and impacting the world
The ancient and modern Marvels and Wonders in the field of Civil Engineering
Future Vision for Civil Engineering
Infrastructure Habitats
Megacities
Smart Cities
Futuristic visions
Transportation (Roads, Railways & Metros, Airports, Seaports, River ways, Sea canals, Tunnels (below ground, under water))
Futuristic systems (ex, Hyper Loop)
Energy generation (Hydro, Solar (Photovoltaic, Solar Chimney), Wind, Wave, Tidal, Geothermal, Thermal energy)
Water provisioning
Telecommunication needs (towers, above-ground and underground cabling)
Awareness of various Codes & Standards governing Infrastructure development
Innovations and methodologies for ensuring Sustainability

Unit 3.0

Environment- Traditional & futuristic methods
Solid waste management
Water purification
Wastewater treatment & Recycling
Hazardous waste treatment
Flood control (Dams, Canals, River interlinking)
Multi-purpose water projects
Atmospheric pollution
Global warming phenomena and Pollution Mitigation measures
Stationarity and nonstationarity
Environmental Metrics & Monitoring
Other Sustainability measures
Innovations and methodologies for ensuring Sustainability
Built environment Facilities management
Climate control
Energy efficient built environments and LEED ratings
Recycling
Temperature/ Sound control in built environment
Security systems
Intelligent/ Smart Buildings
Aesthetics of built environment
Role of Urban Arts Commissions
Conservation
Repairs & Rehabilitation of Structures & Heritage structures
Innovations and methodologies for ensuring Sustainability

Unit 4.0

Civil Engineering Projects - Environmental Impact Analysis procedures
Waste (materials, manpower, equipment) avoidance/ Efficiency increase
Advanced construction techniques for better sustainability
Techniques for reduction of Green House Gas emissions in various aspects of Civil Engineering Projects
New Project Management paradigms & Systems (Ex. Lean Construction)
Contribution of Civil Engineering to GDP
Contribution to employment(projects, facilities management)
Quality of products
Health & Safety aspects for stakeholders
Innovations and methodologies for ensuring Sustainability during Project development

Unit 5.0

Population Dynamics covering
Population ecology- Population characteristics
Ecotypes
Population genetics- Concept of gene pool and genetic diversity in populations
Polymorphism and heterogeneity
Environmental Management covering
Principles: Perspectives
Concerns and management strategies
Policies and legal aspects- Environment Protection Acts and modification
International Treaties
Environmental Impact Assessment- Case studies (International Airport, thermal power plant)

Unit 6.0

Molecular Genetics covering
Structures of DNA and RNA
Concept of Gene
Gene regulation
E.g., Operon concept
Biotechnology covering
Basic concepts: Totipotency and Cell manipulation
Plant & Animal tissue culture- Methods and uses in agriculture
Medicine and health
Recombinant DNA Technology- Techniques and applications
Biostatistics covering
Introduction to Biostatistics:-Terms used
Types of data
Measures of Central Tendencies- Mean
Median
Mode
Normal and Skewed distributions
Analysis of Data- Hypothesis testing and ANNOVA (single factor)

Transportation Engineering Lab

101401P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

To determine the Impact Test Value of an aggregate.
To determine the percent wear of aggregate when subjected to abrasion by the Los Angeles Abrasion test
To find % wear due to relative rubbing action between the cylindrical stone specimen and the abrading agent as the sand by using the Dorry abrasion test.
To determine the specific gravity and water absorbed by the given aggregate
To determine the specific gravity of the bitumen sample by balance method.
To determine the softening point of bitumen sample using Ring and Ball test.
To determine the CBR value of a given soil sample.
Determine the Flakiness and elongation index of coarse aggregates.

Prescribed Experiments

To determine the Impact Test Value of an aggregate.
To determine the percent wear of aggregate when subjected to abrasion by the Los Angeles Abrasion test
To find % wear due to relative rubbing action between the cylindrical stone specimen and the abrading agent as the sand by using the Dorry abrasion test.
To determine the specific gravity and water absorbed by the given aggregate
To determine the specific gravity of the bitumen sample by balance method.
To determine the softening point of bitumen sample using Ring and Ball test.
To determine the CBR value of a given soil sample.
Determine the Flakiness and elongation index of coarse aggregates.

Building Planning and Computer Aided Civil Engineering Drawings Lab

101402P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Preparation of detailed constructional plan of a residential building.
Preparation of front elevation, detailed sectional view, site plan, foundation plan, terrace plan, waterproofing treatment, typical door and window.
Concept of perspective drawing- one point, two-point, three point and uses.
Preparation of line plans of various public buildings like: Building for Education School, College. Library Building for health -Dispensary, Hospital Industrial structure Building for entertainment-Theatre, Club House, Sports Club. Other Structure- Office, Hostel, Guest house.
Prepare layout for water supply and drainage for a residential building and for multistoried buildings.
Building's Solid Waste Collection and disposal system: Wet and dry solid waste segregation, Vermi-composting etc. Provision of Chutes.
Fire Protection System: Design of emergency exits and emergency vehicle routes with fire protection symbols

Prescribed Experiments

Preparation of detailed constructional plan of a residential building.
Preparation of front elevation, detailed sectional view, site plan, foundation plan, terrace plan, waterproofing treatment, typical door and window.
Concept of perspective drawing- one point, two-point, three point and uses.
Preparation of line plans of various public buildings like: Building for Education School, College. Library Building for health -Dispensary, Hospital Industrial structure Building for entertainment-Theatre, Club House, Sports Club. Other Structure- Office, Hostel, Guest house.
Prepare layout for water supply and drainage for a residential building and for multistoried buildings.
Building's Solid Waste Collection and disposal system: Wet and dry solid waste segregation, Vermi-composting etc. Provision of Chutes.
Fire Protection System: Design of emergency exits and emergency vehicle routes with fire protection symbols

Geotechnical Engineering -I Lab

101403P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Field Density using Core Cutter method.
Field Density using Sand replacement method.
Natural moisture content using Oven Drying method.
Field identification of Fine Grained soils.
Specific gravity of Soils.
Grain size distribution by Sieve Analysis.
Grain size distribution by Hydrometer Analysis.
Consistency limits by Liquid limit
Consistency limits by Plastic limit
Consistency limits by Shrinkage limit.
Permeability test using Constant-head test method.
Permeability test using Falling-head method.
Compaction test: Standard Proctor test.
Compaction test: Modified Proctor test.

Prescribed Experiments

Field Density using Core Cutter method.
Field Density using Sand replacement method.
Natural moisture content using Oven Drying method.
Field identification of Fine Grained soils.
Specific gravity of Soils.
Grain size distribution by Sieve Analysis.
Grain size distribution by Hydrometer Analysis.
Consistency limits by Liquid limit
Consistency limits by Plastic limit
Consistency limits by Shrinkage limit.
Permeability test using Constant-head test method.
Permeability test using Falling-head method.
Compaction test: Standard Proctor test.
Compaction test: Modified Proctor test.

Hydraulic Engineering Lab

101404P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Flow Visualization
Studies in Wind Tunnel
Boundary Layer
Flow around an Aerofoil / circular cylinder
Uniform Flow
Velocity Distribution in Open channel flow
Venturi Flume
Standing Wave Flume
Gradually Varied Flow
Hydraulic Jump
Flow under Sluice Gate
Flow through pipes
Turbulent flow through pipes
Flow visualization
Laminar flow through pipes
Major losses / Minor losses in pipe.

Prescribed Experiments

Flow Visualization
Studies in Wind Tunnel
Boundary Layer
Flow around an Aerofoil / circular cylinder
Uniform Flow
Velocity Distribution in Open channel flow
Venturi Flume
Standing Wave Flume
Gradually Varied Flow
Hydraulic Jump
Flow under Sluice Gate
Flow through pipes
Turbulent flow through pipes
Flow visualization
Laminar flow through pipes
Major losses / Minor losses in pipe.

Engineering Geology Lab

101406P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Study of physical properties of minerals.
Study of different group of minerals.
Study of Crystal and Crystal system.
Identification of minerals: Silica group: Quartz, Amethyst, Opal; Feldspar group: Orthoclase, Plagioclase; Cryptocrystalline group: Jasper; Carbonate group: Calcite; Pyroxene group: Augite, Diopside, Mica group: Biotite, Muscovite; Amphibole group: Hornblende, other silicates- Olivine, Asbestos, Magnetite, Hematite, Corundum, Kyanite, Garnet, Galena, Gypsum.
Identification of rocks (Igneous Petrology): Acidic Igneous rock: Granite and its varieties, Syenite, Rhyolite, Pumice, Obsidian, Scoria, Pegmatite, Volcanic Tuff. Basic rock: Gabbro, Dolerite, Basalt and its varieties, Trachyte.
Identification of rocks (Sedimentary Petrology): Conglomerate, Breccia, Sandstone and its varieties, Laterite, Limestone and its varieties, Shales and its varieties.
Identification of rocks (Metamorphic Petrology): Marble, slate, Gneiss and its varieties, Schist and its varieties. Quartzite, Phyllite.
Study of topographical features from Geological maps. Identification of symbols in maps.

Prescribed Experiments

Study of physical properties of minerals.
Study of different group of minerals.
Study of Crystal and Crystal system.
Identification of minerals: Silica group: Quartz, Amethyst, Opal; Feldspar group: Orthoclase, Plagioclase; Cryptocrystalline group: Jasper; Carbonate group: Calcite; Pyroxene group: Augite, Diopside, Mica group: Biotite, Muscovite; Amphibole group: Hornblende, other silicates- Olivine, Asbestos, Magnetite, Hematite, Corundum, Kyanite, Garnet, Galena, Gypsum.
Identification of rocks (Igneous Petrology): Acidic Igneous rock: Granite and its varieties, Syenite, Rhyolite, Pumice, Obsidian, Scoria, Pegmatite, Volcanic Tuff. Basic rock: Gabbro, Dolerite, Basalt and its varieties, Trachyte.
Identification of rocks (Sedimentary Petrology): Conglomerate, Breccia, Sandstone and its varieties, Laterite, Limestone and its varieties, Shales and its varieties.
Identification of rocks (Metamorphic Petrology): Marble, slate, Gneiss and its varieties, Schist and its varieties. Quartzite, Phyllite.
Study of topographical features from Geological maps. Identification of symbols in maps.

NPTEL-I (Open Course)

101408

Laboratory Subject • Course Details

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